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AAPM/RSNA Physics Tutorial for Residents

Physics of Cardiac Imaging with Multiple-Row Detector CT¹

¹ From the Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 601 N Caroline St, Baltimore, MD 21287-0856 (M.M.); and the Department of Imaging Physics, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (D.D.C.). From the AAPM/RSNA Physics Tutorial at the 2005 RSNA Annual Meeting. Received March 12, 2007; revision requested April 4 and received May 21; accepted June 8. M.M. receives research support from Siemens; D.D.C. is a speaker for the Medical Technology Management Institute, Milwaukee, Wis. Address correspondence to M.M. (e-mail: mmahesh{at}jhmi.edu).

Cardiac imaging with multiple-row detector computed tomography (CT) has become possible due to rapid advances in CT technologies. Images with high temporal and spatial resolution can be obtained with multiple-row detector CT scanners; however, the radiation dose associated with cardiac imaging is high. Understanding the physics of cardiac imaging with multiple-row detector CT scanners allows optimization of cardiac CT protocols in terms of image quality and radiation dose. Knowledge of the trade-offs between various scan parameters that affect image quality—such as temporal resolution, spatial resolution, and pitch—is the key to optimized cardiac CT protocols, which can minimize the radiation risks associated with these studies. Factors affecting temporal resolution include gantry rotation time, acquisition mode, and reconstruction method; factors affecting spatial resolution include detector size and reconstruction interval. Cardiac CT has the potential to become a reliable tool for noninvasive diagnosis and prevention of cardiac and coronary artery disease.

© RSNA, 2007