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Common and Uncommon Histologic Subtypes of Renal Cell Carcinoma: Imaging Spectrum with Pathologic Correlation¹

¹ From the Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 (S.R.P., J.R.C., A.D.C., N.C.D., K.N.C.); the Department of Pathology, Washington University, St Louis, Mo (P.A.H.); the Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, St Louis, Mo (V.R.N.); and the Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada (J.R.S.). Recipient of a Magna Cum Laude award for an education exhibit at the 2004 RSNA Annual Meeting. Received January 24, 2006; revision requested February 24 and received March 30; accepted March 31. All authors have no financial relationships to disclose. Address correspondence to S.R.P. (e-mail: prasads{at}uthscsa.edu).

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality, with an estimated 35,000 new cases and 12,480 deaths in the United States in 2003. Recent advances in imaging technology, pathology, urology, and oncology permit early diagnosis of RCC and facilitate optimal management. The 2004 World Health Organization classification for renal neoplasms recognizes several distinct histologic subtypes of RCC. These subtypes include clear cell RCC, papillary RCC, chromophobe RCC, hereditary cancer syndromes, multilocular cystic RCC, collecting duct carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma, neuroblastoma-associated RCC, Xp11.2 translocation–TFE3 carcinoma, and unclassified lesions. Different histologic subtypes of RCC have characteristic histomorphologic and biologic profiles. Clear cell RCC is the most common subtype and has a less favorable prognosis (stage for stage) than do papillary RCC and chromophobe RCC. Collecting duct carcinoma and renal medullary carcinoma are associated with aggressive clinical behavior and a poor prognosis.

© RSNA, 2006

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