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AAPM/RSNA Physics Tutorial for Residents

Fundamental Physics of MR Imaging¹

¹ From the Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd, Jacksonville, FL 32224. From the AAPM/RSNA Physics Tutorial at the 2004 RSNA Annual Meeting. Received February 11, 2005; revision requested March 22 and received April 22; accepted April 25. The author has no financial relationships to disclose. Address correspondence to the author (e-mail: pooley.robert{at}mayo.edu).

Learning the basic concepts required to understand magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is a straightforward process. Although the individual concepts are simple, there are many concepts to learn and retain simultaneously; this situation may give the illusion that learning the physics of MR imaging is complicated. It is important for the radiologist who interprets MR images to understand the methods used to create the images because image contrast specifically depends on how the image data were acquired. Initial concepts include formation of magnetic fields from electric currents in loops of wire, the resonance phenomenon, the hydrogen proton and its frequency of precession, and absorption of radiofrequency energy. These concepts can then be applied to learn about T1 and T2 relaxation and contrast and how the acquisition parameters of echo time and repetition time can be used to achieve these image contrasts. Basic pulse sequences include the spin-echo, multiecho spin-echo, turbo spin-echo, inversion-recovery, and gradient-recalled-echo sequences.

© RSNA, 2005

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